The world has been faced with some major global problems especially for 30 years. Global warming or in other words climate change is one of the biggest threats for humanity. After 1990, climate change became more important and countries gave more importance to this issue. One of the most important reasons for climate change is releasing of greenhouse gases.
Countries to reduce greenhouse gas emission, gathered in Kyoto which is a city in Japan. Kyoto Protocol is a legal annex of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change which binds countries legally with respect to releasing of greenhouse gases into atmosphere.
Although countries came to agreement in that summit on this issue in 1997, the Protocol could enter into force in February 2005 due to existence of precondition which states that at least 55 countries which are responsible for the 55% of greenhouse gases emission have to sign it.
USA is the country which releases greenhouse gases into atmosphere most; this country with Australia has not signed this protocol yet. However, USA invests almost 5 billion dollars per year on research and development to prevent the greenhouse gases effects. The Protocol will be valid until 2012 and countries under United Nations have already begun to think about this problem. There will be international meeting concerning climate change in December.
Nowadays actors in this issue in United States state their opinions. On one side some of them think that completing a new treaty in 3 months looks not possible and there should be “B Plan” for the summit which will be held in Copenhagen in December and on the other hand some officials in the senate declared that this summit might be the last chance to progress seriously in fighting to climate change.
Another important matter in fighting to climate change is the financing of developing countries by developed ones based on the new treaty. This dispute has been discussed since Kyoto Protocol and it seems to be continued during summit.
As some officials said, this process may take more than 3 months but at least some rules might be set up for the future progress. Negotiations should be held in common framework based on mutual understanding. Since this ongoing problem concerns every living on the earth, countries will have to handle climate change seriously. None of the countries will avoid sharing responsibility in fighting against climate change. Results of this changing will affect all of us and the more greenhouse gases releasing the more our earth is in danger. Therefore, the US senate and all actors in this process should be ready for this summit by preparing proposes in 3 months time even if health care reform occupies them.
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